On Wednesday September 10th, CERN (the European Organization for Nuclear Research) will commission its Large Hadron Collider. The LHC website describes the facility this way.
The LHC, the world's most powerful particle accelerator, measuring 27 kilometres in circumference, will bring advances in our knowledge of matter and the Universe. The LHC will accelerate minute particles and collide them at the centre of four large detectors, ALICE, ATLAS, CMS and LHCb. The LHC is an exceptional scientific tool employing state-of-the-art technology to further fundamental science. It comprises over 1800 superconducting magnet assemblies, for example, and is maintained at a temperature of -271.3°C, just 1.9 degrees above absolute zero. The four experiments that will study the particle collisions are technological triumphs in themselves, the largest of them as tall as a five-storey building.
While some of the worlds greatest physicists have been working for years hand in hand with engineers and scientists from dozens of different disciplines, There are a group of running around, doing their best "Chicken- Little" impersonation screaming "The sky is falling" In fact, scientists behind the world's biggest-ever scientific experiment have received death threats from critics who claim it could cause the end of the world.
Prof Hawking said the £4.4bn machine, in which scientists are about to recreate conditions just after the Big Bang, is "vital if the human race is not to stultify and eventually die out."
And he sought to ease fears that the machine could have apocalyptic effects. "The world will not come to an end when the LHC turns on," Prof Hawking said, adding: "The LHC is absolutely safe."
Scientists at the CERN research centre in Switzerland are aiming to use the machine to gain a better understanding of the birth and structure of the universe, and to fill gaps in our knowledge of physics.
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Hawking, who made his name in the study of Black Holes, sought to assure the public of the particle accelerator safety stated "
"Collisions releasing greater energy occur millions of times a day in the earth's atmosphere and nothing terrible happens. The world will not come to an end when the LHC turns on."
"If the LHC were to produce little black holes, I don't think there is any doubt I would get a Nobel Prize, if they showed the properties I predict.
"However I think the probability that the LHC has enough energy to produce little black holes is less than 1 per cent - so I'm not holding my breath."
Prof Hawking made clear that the LHC project is one of the most important in the history of scientific endeavor. Asked to choose between it and the space program, he said: "That is like asking which of my children I would choose to sacrifice.
"Both the LHC and the Space program are vital if the human race is not to stultify and eventually die out. Together they cost less than one tenth of a per cent of world GDP. If the human race can not afford this, then it doesn't deserve the epithet 'human'."
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